A World of Art
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چکیده
E arly in the fifteenth century, a figure known as La Pittura—literally, “the picture”—began to appear in Italian art (Fig. 280). As art historian Mary D. Garrard has noted, the emergence of the figure of La Pittura, the personification of painting, could be said to announce the cultural arrival of painting as an art. In the Middle Ages, painting was never included among the liberal arts—those areas of knowledge that were thought to develop general intellectual capacity—which included rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, astrology, and music. While the liberal arts were understood to involve inspiration and creative invention, painting was considered merely a mechanical skill, involving, at most, the ability to copy. The emergence of La Pittura announced that painting was finally something more than mere copywork, that it was an intellectual pursuit equal to the other liberal arts, all of which had been given similar personification early in the Middle Ages. IS B N 0-5555180-7
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